Pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane) is an alkane found in plants, shark liver and mineral oil. Pristane can be used to induce autoimmune arthritis in susceptible rat strains. When injected intraperitoneally in non-autoimmune prone mice (B6 or Balb/c) a lupus-like disease develops. Disease is characterized with high levels of anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm/RNP and other lupus related autoantibodies with onset after around 3 months after induction. There is variability in clinical signs between strains and can include glomeronephritis, arthritis, anemia and alevolar hemorrage. As for SLE patients, disease is more severe in females than in males. Pristane induced Lupus show a strong IFN signature. A population of inflammatory monocytes is responsible for most of the IFN production in pristane induced mice but also peripheral dendritic cells play a role. In mice deficient for the Ncf1 protein, which is involved in production of oxygen radicals, disease develops faster and is more severe than in standard strains.